Gene Expression And Bacterial Transformation Essay

Introduction: This unit had two labs that developed on the same basic idea: gene expression in bacteria. Gene expression is a highly regulated process in which cells either allow or prevent a certain trait to be shown in the next generation of offspring. One major proponent looked at in the first lab was the DNA plasmid. A DNA plasmid is a short, circular sequence of DNA nucleotides that are common in bacteria, but are rarely found in larger organisms. The plasmids are useful in that they introduce new genetic instructions into bacteria cells. In the case of this lab, the new genetic instruction was that of the Green Fluorescent Protein, better known as GFP. This protein was monitored throughout the experiments as the gene that was expressed or prevented. Along with GFP, these plasmids would often pass along a selection gene like beta-lactamase that would allow for the gene to be expressed in specific environments. One example of such an environment is an ampicillin-rich environment. Day one’s lab focused on bacterial transformation. This process is the way in which new DNA is introduced into a bacteria cell. In this process, the bacterial cells need to be made permeable through treatments by way of heat or by mixing with different salts. Once the bacteria cells are made permeable, the plasmid can introduce the genetic instructions used for GFP in the cells. Those that are made permeable have a much higher tendency to express the protein. The discussionShow MoreRelatedUse Of Antibiotic Resistance For A Large Number Of Infections1624 Words   |  7 Pages22, 2015 Transformation Lab Abstract: Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic which can be used to treat a large number of infections. For example, Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria is terminated by this specific antibiotic. Ampicillin interferes with the formation of bacterial cell walls and thus kills newly dividing cells that must form new cell walls. Plasmids contain genes that create antibiotic resistance to their host cell. The pGlo plasmid contains an Ampicillin resistance gene. ThereforeRead MorepGLO Lab Report Essay821 Words   |  4 PagesBacterial Transformation Lab Report Backround: The plasmid pGLO contains an antibiotic-resistance gene, ampR, and the GFP gene is regulated by the control region of the ara operon. Ampicillin is an antibiotic that kills E. coli, so if E. coli, so if E. coli cells contain the ampicillin-resistance gene, the cells can survive exposure to ampicillin since the ampicillin-resistance gene encodes an enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic. Thus, transformed E. coli cells containing ampicillin-resistanceRead MoreThe Theory Of Bacterial Transformation1417 Words   |  6 PagesBackground theory: Bacterial transformation is a versatile tool of central importance to molecular biology (The American Phytopathological Society, 2016; The Biotechnology Education Company, 2003). 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It was hypothesised that Escherichia coli HB101 K12 could be transformed with a pGLO plasmid to express the genes encoded for green fluorescent protein (GFP), the bla gene for ampicillinRead MoreThe Effect Of Puc18 And Lux Plasmids On Ampicillin Resistance Of Escherichia Coli1412 Words   |  6 Pagesdesigned to test and observe the transformation efficacy of the pUC18 and lux plasmids in making E. coli resistant to ampicillin. Both plasmids code for ampicillin resistance, however, the lux plasmid codes for a bioluminescence gene that is expressed if properly introduced into the bacteria’s genome. The E. coli cultures were mixed with a calcium chloride solution and then heat shocked, allowing the plasmids to enter the bacteria and assimilate into the bacterial DNA. The plasmids and the bacteriaRead MoreA Study On Green Fluorescent Proteins1642 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: Would the GFP gene in a pGLO transformed E. coli be activated by a sugar other than arabinose? 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